A paper published today by the International Institute for Environment and Development warns that African governments are signing away water rights for decades with insufficient regard for how this will affect millions of local users, including fishing, farming and pastoralist communities.

The water rights often feature in the growing number of large land deals that governments are signing with investors (see First detailed study of large land acquisitions in Africa warns of impacts on poor rural people) as many of these areas require irrigation to be viable.

Such deals have already raised concerns for being rushed, secretive and one-sided. Many fail to deliver real benefits and can even create new social and environmental problems (see Report shows how secret land deals can fail to benefit African nations – and how to make them better).

Now, researchers at IIED warn that governments risk signing away water rights in ways that harm the future prospects of their citizens, especially fishermen and pastoralists, who rely on the same water as the investors. Some investors in Mali and Sudan have been given unrestricted access to as much water as they need.

“Companies that acquire land for irrigated farming will want secure water rights, but long-term contractual commitments can jeopardise water access for local farmers,” says co-author Lorenzo Cotula. “This affects not only the people who have customarily used the land that is being leased, but also distant downstream users who can be hundreds of kilometres away and even across an international border.”

The Gibe III dam in Ethiopia will enable irrigation on 150,000 of land the Ethiopian government has allocated to investors, but studies suggest this project would lower the level of Kenya’s Lake Turkana – on which half a million Kenyans depend — by eight metres by 2024.

The ‘global water crisis’ is a crisis of water management, not of water quantity,” says the paper’s lead author Jamie Skinner, a principal researcher at the International Institute for Environment and Development. “Good water management in the face of climate change is only possible if it is clear who the water belongs to, who holds rights to its use and when allocations to all users  are made in a transparent way.”

For interviews, contact:

Lorenzo.Cotula@iied.org

Jamie.Skinner@iied.org

ENDS

Mike Shanahan

Press officer

International Institute for Environment and Development [please note new address / phone]

80-86 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8NH, UK. Tel: +44 (0)20 3463 7399; Fax: +44 (0)20 3514 9055

www.iied.org

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The Director of the International Institute of Environment and Development Dr. Camilla Toulmin wrote an open letter to Bill Gates expressing concern over his criticism of their earlier report on massive land acquisitions in Africa by western companies and countries for agriculture.

IIED had in an earlier report Alternatives to land Acquisitions indicated that the land acquisitions were a big threat to food security in Africa where threats to hunger are huge.

Bill Gates Microsoft Founder

But Gates, the Chairman of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, one of the leading funders of agriculture aid in Africa in a recent interview referring to the report said some western lobby orgnaisations might stop helpful flow of investment into Africa and thus keep the continent unable to meet its food needs.

Below is the letter in full

IIED’s director Dr Camillla Toulmin, responds to comments Bill Gates made about large-scale land acquisitions in Africa in a recent interview.

Dear Mr Gates,

I was very interested to read your Annual Letter and congratulate you and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for the far-sighted investments you have made in health and agricultural development.

In your interview this week on AllAfrica.Com, you replied to a question about IIED’s recent report Land deals in Africa: What is in the contracts?, by saying it would be too bad if some of this investment was held back because of Western groups’ ways of looking at things, and that the inflow of capital should not be viewed purely through Western eyes.

IIED colleagues would agree with you that inward investment has the potential to bring significant benefits to growth in agricultural productivity and rural incomes in Africa. Equally, you are absolutely right that it is not for Western groups to tell African people whether they should accept inward investment, for agriculture or anything else.

But as our research shows, the problem so far is that very few people in these countries have been able to see the contracts that have been negotiated. The lack of clarity, large areas of land involved, long term leases and questions around compensation for the displaced all raise questions about who wins and who loses from these deals, as currently designed. But, as the report argues, it does not have to be like this.

Contract farming or joint ventures with local farmers offer a different investment model (others are described in our earlier report Alternatives to land acquisitions). Far from trying to push a “Western agenda”, IIED works closely with partners in a range of African countries, who generate the perspectives and evidence on which our reports are based. They are calling for greater scrutiny of these deals.

In Mali, farmer organisations have been calling for a moratorium on large scale land allocations, and have reminded the government that all land, water, forests and natural resources constitute national assets for all citizens (see below for details of the farmers’ Kolongo declaration).

Mr Tiébilé Dramé, leader of the PARENA party in Mali, has invited His Excellency President Touré to publish the list of those who have acquired land in the irrigable area, and the amounts allotted to each, along with the contracts, letters of agreement and conditions surrounding these leases (see below).

The haste with which these deals are being made has meant important environmental issues have not been taken into account, such as the combined downstream impacts of water taken off the River Niger on the enormously valuable inland Niger Delta in central Mali on which millions of people depend.

Transparency is called for to ensure that investors undertake their contractual obligations, rather than engage in speculation over land which does not belong to them.

Given the enormous respect in which you and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are held, you can indeed “help make the case for the world’s poorest people” because of the access you have to world leaders.

Your voice and engagement could help transform the benefits promised by this much-needed investment, by encouraging governments to open up debate around how best to use each nation’s soils and water, for the long term benefit of its citizens.

Would you be ready to offer your help in opening up national debate on agricultural investment deals so they can meet the needs of smallholder farmers, who have been at the heart of your agricultural development strategy?

Best wishes

Camilla Toulmin, Director IIED

http://www.iied.org/natural-resources/media/open-letter-bill-gates-african-land-acquisitions

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